Pneumatic hammer.



V. P. KESSEL. PNEUMATIO HAMMER.

` Arruonlon funn ouin-v. 1m.

Patented Jan. 21, 1913.

UNITED STATES PaTnNT orme-.n

vI'LHnLM PHILIP KESSEL, oF'saN mNo'Isco, CALIFORNIA AssIGnoR To MIoLNIRnook DRILL COMPANY, or SAN' FRANCISCO, cA'LIFoRNIA, a coPABTNnRsHIP.

PNEUMATIC Haumann.

Speciiicaton of Letters'latent.

Application med 'october 7. 1912. 'serial im *721,1125. .l

`which. t-he following-is a specification.

, vlvlvinvention relates to the art of pneu-4 matic hammers for use inrock drilling ap'- parat'us, riveting apparatus, pile driving apparatus,drop hammer forging apparatus,

and the like, and the invention primarily has for its object to simplifvand reduce the expense of construction of such apparatus a-nd to'increase the strength of hammerl and eiiciency of operation.4`

In its general nature the invention comprises a support in which thedrill or riveting tool. as the case may be. is adapted to be held andwhich carries the usual handle for the operator. The support also servesto contain the reciprocating hammer cylinder in lwhich the'stationarypiston operates.

In its morel subordinate nature the invention includes those :noveldetails of construction, combination and ar angement of parts.

all of which 'willbe first fully described, and y then be 'specificallypoint-ed out in the appended claims,` reference being had to theaccompanying drawing, in which yFigure l is avertical longitudinalsection l of the invention as applied for use on rock drills, the hammercylinder being positioned d near the' rearward limit of its stroke. Fig:2 is adetail section similar to Fig. 1 sh0w ing the hammer cylinder inits impacting position. Fig. 8 is alongitudinal Sectional perspective ofthe hammer cylinder. Figs. 4 and 5 are cross sections on the lines 3 3and 4 4 respectively of Figs. 1 and 2 respectively.

ln the drawings in which like numerals designate like parts in all thefigures. 1 represents the support which is in the nature of an elongatedtubular casing whose front end carries the chuck 2. in which the tool 3is held. The support l has oppositelv disposed openings 4. which formthc exhaust outlets through the casing 1. 'The easing l also is providedwith oppositelv disposed grooves 5 in which the feathers 6. of the'Vhammer cylinder 7 ride during the reciprocations ot the .hammerevliiider. At its rear end the casing;r 1 is Hanged, as at 8, and counas'atl 9. to receive the cap 10 which has-a -dang-fe 11 v'torest in thec'ounterbore. 9|

and a ian; 12 to abut the flange 8. The

fratenveuaan. 21, 1913.

cap-10 is heldin place-(by the screws 13 and check nuts 14 of the handlearms 15 which carry the-hand hold 16.. vThe hammer 4cvl- .with .theports -21 and22 respectively ot the piston 23. The rear end of thecylinder 7 is closed b'ya threaded plug 21 which is boredto'permit'passage of the piston rod 25 which is of less diameter thanthe diameter of the bore 18, as best shown in Figs.

1 'and' 2 of the drawing. The piston rod 25 also extends through the cap10 into which it is threaded, as at 26, and held by jam vnuts 27. Thesource -of working agent supplv is connected bv a suitable connection 2Sand 29 with the piston rod 25, 1t being: un-

derstood that the rod 25 has a passage 30r from its entrant end to theports 22 and 21' res ectivelv.

etween the connterbores 19 and 20 and adjacent thereto, the hammercylinder 7 has exhaust ports 31 and 32, the front port 81 Serving toexhaust the working agent between the piston and the head 17, while.

the rear port 32 serves to exhaust the working agent between the piston23 and the plug 24. The plug 24 has lugs 33 which also ride in the slots5and thus keep the plug from Y unscrewing and hold it always in properposition with regard tothe hammer cylinder 7.

In operation working-agent (steam, air. or other iiui'gl) is admittedinto the duet 30 and ows to one or the other of the ports 21 or 22aecordinglvas such ports are. in coni- I'nunication with the counterbore19 or the counterbore 20. Assume the parts to be as shown in Fig. 1, theworking agent passing through the duct 30 and port 21 will einer thecylinder '7 between the head1? and the piston 23. thus exerting itsexpansive force to drive the cylinder 7 forwardly toward the positionshown in 2. The morena-ni or the piston 7 under the induence of rhowol-ltVA ing agent. occurs until the pont 21 covered by thc cylinder iand the exhaust port H1 is uneoverei'l during the forward movement ofthe cylinder lily the inne the port 31 is uncovered the expansive actiono'the working agent will have spent itself leaving 60 inder' hasa solidimpacting head 17 at Y little or no pressure il. advance oli the piston23. As soon as the piston. :23 has been passed by the cylinder' "7 toclose the port 3Q, the residual contents otythe cylinder 7 hetween thepiston 23 and the plug 2d will bet come compressed slightly to act as acushion der 'l' continue so long as Working agent is admitted into theduct nl), as will. be readily understood by reference to the drawing.

will be noted that by my Construction, the parts are simplified tothegreatest prael'icable degree and they are'made light and strong. Butlittle machining is required and special packing devices are unnecessaryto prevent Athe escape of the Working Huid. to the hindrance of theWorking of the ap paratus.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection With theaccompanying drawing, it is thought the complete construction op erationand adi/nntages of the invention Will he apparent to those skilled inthe art.

lVhat l claim is:`-

l. A supporting casing opened at one end, a hammer cylinderlongitudinally movable in said casing, said casing having at least onelongitudinal groove, and said hammer cylinder having at least onelongitudinal eal'l'ler or rib to operate `in said groove and therebyhold said cylinder from turning on its axis, a piston held Within saidcylinder, a piston rod projecting into said cylinder and casing,v meansrigidly 'holding said rod to said casing, said rod having a workingagent passage from ,lits outer end to said piston, said piston havingtwo distinct sets of radial ports in communication with saidlongitudinal passage ofthe `piston rod, said hammer v cylinder havinggrooves coperating with said radial ports,isaid hammer cylinder havingtwo distinct exhaust ports controlled by said piston, said casing havingopenings to receive the discharge from said exhaust ports, substantiallyas shown and described.

il. A supporting casing, a hammer cylinder longitudinally movabletherein, a piston within said cylinder, a piston rod projecting intosaidcylinder and casing, means rigidly holding said rod to said casing,said piston and cylinder having coperative ports and groovesrespectively, and means for leading 'Working agent through said pistonrod to said ports, said cylinder having exhaust ports controlled by saidpiston, said casing having exhaust openings registering with saidexhaust ports, and means for holding said cylinder from, turning tothereby maintain said exhaust ports in alineinent with said casingopenings regardless of the position oi said hammer cylinder.

A supporting casing open at one end, a hammer cylinder operable in saidcasing and, insertible through said open end, said casing having atleast one longitudinal groove, and said hammercylinder having at leastone feather to coperate with said groove, said hammer cylinder beingreciprocable in said casing, a cap for closing the open end of saidcasing, a piston rod secured to said cap and projecting into said casingand into 'said hammer cylinder, a piston Within said hammer cylinder onsaid piston. rod, said hammer cylinder having an open end through whichsaid piston rod projects, a plug threaded into said open end of saidvhammer cylinder, said plug having a lug to enter said casing groove,said piston rod having a hollow passage from its outer end to saidpiston, said piston having ports and said hammer cylinder havingcounterbores or grooves to coperate with said ports for admitting theWorking agent to either end of said hammer cylinder, said hammercylinder having exhaust port-s controlled by said piston, and saidcasing having exhaust openings coipe ating with said exhaust ports,substantially as shown and described.

VILHELM PHILIP KESSEL.

WTit-nesses KATHRYN KESSEL, A. JORGENSEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents`

